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24 lines
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<!doctype html><html lang=en dir=auto data-theme=auto><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content="IE=edge"><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name=robots content="index, follow"><title>ATC 2025 Digest | Publish Assistant</title><meta name=keywords content="operating-systems,cloud,storage,networking"><meta name=description content="13 papers selected.
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ASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB
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Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li et al.
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TL;DR — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.
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Why notable — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability."><meta name=author content="Publish Assistant"><link rel=canonical href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/atc-2025/><link crossorigin=anonymous href=/vincent/publish-assistant/assets/css/stylesheet.d72f07832e13c592b3edba91680bfe70f01daac396179bcace0ac36e8e0494c6.css integrity="sha256-1y8Hgy4TxZKz7bqRaAv+cPAdqsOWF5vKzgrDbo4ElMY=" rel="preload stylesheet" as=style><link rel=icon href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/favicon.ico><link rel=icon type=image/png sizes=16x16 href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/favicon-16x16.png><link rel=icon type=image/png sizes=32x32 href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/favicon-32x32.png><link rel=apple-touch-icon href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/apple-touch-icon.png><link rel=mask-icon href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/safari-pinned-tab.svg><meta name=theme-color content="#2e2e33"><meta name=msapplication-TileColor content="#2e2e33"><link rel=alternate hreflang=en href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/atc-2025/><noscript><style>#theme-toggle,.top-link{display:none}</style><style>@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--theme:rgb(29, 30, 32);--entry:rgb(46, 46, 51);--primary:rgb(218, 218, 219);--secondary:rgb(155, 156, 157);--tertiary:rgb(65, 66, 68);--content:rgb(196, 196, 197);--code-block-bg:rgb(46, 46, 51);--code-bg:rgb(55, 56, 62);--border:rgb(51, 51, 51);color-scheme:dark}.list{background:var(--theme)}.toc{background:var(--entry)}}</style></noscript><script>localStorage.getItem("pref-theme")==="dark"?document.querySelector("html").dataset.theme="dark":localStorage.getItem("pref-theme")==="light"?document.querySelector("html").dataset.theme="light":window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches?document.querySelector("html").dataset.theme="dark":document.querySelector("html").dataset.theme="light"</script><meta property="og:url" content="https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/atc-2025/"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Publish Assistant"><meta property="og:title" content="ATC 2025 Digest"><meta property="og:description" content="13 papers selected.
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ASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li et al.
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TL;DR — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.
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Why notable — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability."><meta property="og:locale" content="en_us"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="article:section" content="cloud-edge"><meta property="article:published_time" content="2025-07-09T00:00:00+00:00"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-07-09T00:00:00+00:00"><meta property="article:tag" content="Operating-Systems"><meta property="article:tag" content="Cloud"><meta property="article:tag" content="Storage"><meta property="article:tag" content="Networking"><meta name=twitter:card content="summary"><meta name=twitter:title content="ATC 2025 Digest"><meta name=twitter:description content="13 papers selected.
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ASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li et al.
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TL;DR — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.
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Why notable — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability."><script type=application/ld+json>{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Edge and Cloud Systems","item":"https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Digests","item":"https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"ATC 2025 Digest","item":"https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/atc-2025/"}]}</script><script type=application/ld+json>{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BlogPosting","headline":"ATC 2025 Digest","name":"ATC 2025 Digest","description":"13 papers selected.\nASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li et al.\nTL;DR — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.\nWhy notable — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability.\n","keywords":["operating-systems","cloud","storage","networking"],"articleBody":"13 papers selected.\nASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li et al.\nTL;DR — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.\nWhy notable — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability.\n→ Read paper Rex: Closing the language-verifier gap with safe and usable kernel extensions Jinghao Jia, Ruowen Qin, Milo Craun, Egor Lukiyanov et al.\nTL;DR — Rex introduces a new kernel-extension framework that replaces eBPF’s in-kernel verifier with a Rust-typed, LLVM-based toolchain to safely express programs that eBPF currently rejects.\nWhy notable — The eBPF verifier’s conservatism silently limits what practitioners can implement; Rex shows how a language-level safety guarantee can replace ad-hoc bytecode verification without changing the kernel ABI, opening the door to far richer kernel extensions.\n→ Read paper PageFlex: Flexible and Efficient User-space Delegation of Linux Paging Policies with eBPF Anil Yelam, Kan Wu, Zhiyuan Guo, Suli Yang et al.\nTL;DR — PageFlex lets applications plug in custom page-replacement and allocation policies via eBPF hooks without modifying the kernel, achieving performance competitive with kernel-native policies.\nWhy notable — Memory management policy has historically been locked inside the kernel; PageFlex’s eBPF delegation mechanism gives cloud operators a principled way to tailor paging behavior per workload, directly addressing the one-size-fits-all limitation of the Linux page allocator.\n→ Read paper μEFI: A Microkernel-Style UEFI with Isolation and Transparency Le Chen, Yiyang Wu, Jinyu Gu 0001, Yubin Xia et al.\nTL;DR — μEFI restructures UEFI firmware around microkernel principles so that individual UEFI drivers are isolated from each other and from the boot-time trusted computing base.\nWhy notable — Firmware vulnerabilities are notoriously hard to patch and can persist through OS reinstalls; μEFI’s approach substantially reduces the blast radius of a compromised UEFI driver while remaining compatible with existing UEFI software, making it directly relevant to secure-boot infrastructure.\n→ Read paper Z-LFS: A Zoned Namespace-tailored Log-structured File System for Commodity Small-zone ZNS SSDs Inhwi Hwang, Sangjin Lee 0003, Sunggon Kim, Hyeonsang Eom et al.\nTL;DR — Z-LFS is an LFS designed around the tight zone-size constraints of commodity ZNS SSDs, using fine-grained segment management and zone-aware garbage collection to avoid the capacity and write-amplification pitfalls of existing approaches.\nWhy notable — ZNS SSDs offer significant cost and endurance advantages but mainstream file systems waste capacity on small-zone devices; Z-LFS shows that rethinking LFS segment layout specifically for small zones yields competitive throughput with substantially lower write amplification.\n→ Read paper Crash Consistency in Block-Level Caching Systems: An Open CAS Case Study Shaohua Duan, Youmin Chen\nTL;DR — A systematic study of crash-consistency bugs in the widely deployed Open CAS block-layer cache, revealing a class of ordering violations that can silently corrupt data on unexpected power loss.\nWhy notable — Block-level caches are invisible to file systems and often assumed to be transparent, making these bugs particularly insidious; the paper’s taxonomy and detection methodology are directly actionable for operators running NVMe caching in production storage stacks.\n→ Read paper HotRAP: Hot Record Retention and Promotion for LSM-trees with Tiered Storage Jiansheng Qiu, Fangzhou Yuan, Mingyu Gao 0001, Huanchen Zhang\nTL;DR — HotRAP adds a retention-and-promotion layer to LSM-tree compaction that keeps frequently accessed records in faster storage tiers by tracking access heat across compaction boundaries.\nWhy notable — Tiered storage deployments with LSM engines (RocksDB, LevelDB) routinely see hot data demoted to slow tiers during compaction; HotRAP’s lightweight heat tracking improves read latency by up to 5x on skewed workloads without changing the external LSM API.\n→ Read paper TGW: Operating an Efficient and Resilient Cloud Gateway at Scale Yifan Yang 0009, Lin He 0004, Jiasheng Zhou, Xiaoyi Shi et al.\nTL;DR — TGW describes the architecture, traffic engineering, and operational lessons of a production cloud gateway handling hundreds of Tbps at a major cloud provider.\nWhy notable — Production-scale gateway papers with real traffic data are rare; TGW’s account of how to sustain sub-millisecond failover and linear-scale throughput under adversarial traffic patterns provides a concrete reference design for anyone building or operating large-scale edge infrastructure.\n→ Read paper SwCC: Software-Programmable and Per-Packet Congestion Control in RDMA Engine Hongjing Huang, Jie Zhang 0081, Xuzheng Chen, Ziyu Song et al.\nTL;DR — SwCC embeds a programmable per-packet congestion-control engine directly inside an RDMA NIC, allowing operators to deploy and hot-swap CC algorithms without CPU involvement or ASIC redesign.\nWhy notable — RDMA congestion control has historically been frozen in NIC firmware, forcing cluster-wide firmware upgrades to try new algorithms; SwCC’s programmable datapath brings the velocity of software-defined networking to the RDMA layer at near-line-rate performance.\n→ Read paper Opening Up Kernel-Bypass TCP Stacks Shinichi Awamoto, Michio Honda\nTL;DR — A framework that exposes kernel-bypass TCP (DPDK-based) stacks to unmodified POSIX applications by transparently interposing at the syscall level, without requiring application changes or root privileges.\nWhy notable — Kernel-bypass networking has been limited to purpose-built applications; this work’s zero-modification deployment model makes microsecond-latency TCP accessible to the broad ecosystem of existing networked software, which has significant practical implications for latency-sensitive cloud services.\n→ Read paper Accelerating Nested Virtualization with HyperTurtle Ori Ben Zur, Jakob Krebs, Shai Aviram Bergman, Mark Silberstein\nTL;DR — HyperTurtle reduces the performance penalty of nested virtualization by selectively forwarding L2 guest hypercalls directly to the L0 hypervisor, bypassing the L1 intermediary for common fast paths.\nWhy notable — Nested virtualization is increasingly important for confidential computing and cloud-in-cloud deployments, but the overhead is often prohibitive; HyperTurtle’s selective bypass approach cuts nested VM overhead by up to 60% on I/O-intensive workloads with no guest modifications.\n→ Read paper KVCache Cache in the Wild: Characterizing and Optimizing KVCache Cache at a Large Cloud Provider Jiahao Wang, Jinbo Han, Xingda Wei, Sijie Shen et al.\nTL;DR — A production measurement study of LLM KV-cache behavior across a large cloud fleet, revealing access patterns and reuse characteristics that inform a redesigned caching policy reducing GPU memory pressure significantly.\nWhy notable — As LLM serving becomes a dominant cloud workload, KV-cache management is a critical bottleneck; this paper provides the first at-scale empirical characterization of KV-cache reuse in a real deployment, and its findings directly shaped policy changes that improved cache hit rates by over 30%.\n→ Read paper GREYHOUND: Hunting Fail-Slows in Hybrid-Parallel Training at Scale Tianyuan Wu, Wei Wang 0030, Yinghao Yu, Siran Yang et al.\nTL;DR — GREYHOUND is a runtime monitoring system that automatically detects and isolates fail-slow stragglers in large-scale hybrid-parallel LLM training jobs before they degrade the entire training run.\nWhy notable — Fail-slow faults are notoriously harder to detect than fail-stop failures and can silently extend training jobs by hours; GREYHOUND’s production deployment demonstrates that fine-grained per-layer timing signals can catch slow nodes within seconds, making it a practical reliability tool for anyone running large training clusters.\n→ Read paper ","wordCount":"1186","inLanguage":"en","datePublished":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","dateModified":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Publish Assistant"},"mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/atc-2025/"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Publish Assistant","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/favicon.ico"}}}</script></head><body id=top><header class=header><nav class=header-nav><div class=logo><a href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/ accesskey=h title="Publish Assistant (Alt + H)">Publish Assistant</a>
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<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-chevron-right"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"/></svg></nav><h1 class="post-title entry-hint-parent">ATC 2025 Digest</h1><div class=post-meta><span title='2025-07-09 00:00:00 +0000 UTC'>July 9, 2025</span> · <span>Publish Assistant</span></div></header><div class="post-content md-content"><p>13 papers selected.</p><hr><h3 id=asterinas-a-linux-abi-compatible-rust-based-framekernel-os-with-a-small-and-sound-tcb>ASTERINAS: A Linux ABI-Compatible, Rust-Based Framekernel OS with a Small and Sound TCB<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#asterinas-a-linux-abi-compatible-rust-based-framekernel-os-with-a-small-and-sound-tcb>#</a></h3><p><em>Yuke Peng, Hongliang Tian, Junyang Zhang, Ruihan Li <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — A production-grade OS kernel written in Rust that exposes a full Linux ABI while confining unsafe code to a small, formally-audited framekernel core.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — ASTERINAS demonstrates that Linux compatibility and memory-safety guarantees are not mutually exclusive — unsafe Rust is isolated to under 5 kloc of framework code, giving systems operators a credible path toward a safer Linux-compatible kernel without sacrificing application portability.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/peng-yuke>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=rex-closing-the-language-verifier-gap-with-safe-and-usable-kernel-extensions>Rex: Closing the language-verifier gap with safe and usable kernel extensions<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#rex-closing-the-language-verifier-gap-with-safe-and-usable-kernel-extensions>#</a></h3><p><em>Jinghao Jia, Ruowen Qin, Milo Craun, Egor Lukiyanov <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — Rex introduces a new kernel-extension framework that replaces eBPF’s in-kernel verifier with a Rust-typed, LLVM-based toolchain to safely express programs that eBPF currently rejects.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — The eBPF verifier’s conservatism silently limits what practitioners can implement; Rex shows how a language-level safety guarantee can replace ad-hoc bytecode verification without changing the kernel ABI, opening the door to far richer kernel extensions.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/jia>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=pageflex-flexible-and-efficient-user-space-delegation-of-linux-paging-policies-with-ebpf>PageFlex: Flexible and Efficient User-space Delegation of Linux Paging Policies with eBPF<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#pageflex-flexible-and-efficient-user-space-delegation-of-linux-paging-policies-with-ebpf>#</a></h3><p><em>Anil Yelam, Kan Wu, Zhiyuan Guo, Suli Yang <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — PageFlex lets applications plug in custom page-replacement and allocation policies via eBPF hooks without modifying the kernel, achieving performance competitive with kernel-native policies.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Memory management policy has historically been locked inside the kernel; PageFlex’s eBPF delegation mechanism gives cloud operators a principled way to tailor paging behavior per workload, directly addressing the one-size-fits-all limitation of the Linux page allocator.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/yelam>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=μefi-a-microkernel-style-uefi-with-isolation-and-transparency>μEFI: A Microkernel-Style UEFI with Isolation and Transparency<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#μefi-a-microkernel-style-uefi-with-isolation-and-transparency>#</a></h3><p><em>Le Chen, Yiyang Wu, Jinyu Gu 0001, Yubin Xia <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — μEFI restructures UEFI firmware around microkernel principles so that individual UEFI drivers are isolated from each other and from the boot-time trusted computing base.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Firmware vulnerabilities are notoriously hard to patch and can persist through OS reinstalls; μEFI’s approach substantially reduces the blast radius of a compromised UEFI driver while remaining compatible with existing UEFI software, making it directly relevant to secure-boot infrastructure.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/chen-le>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=z-lfs-a-zoned-namespace-tailored-log-structured-file-system-for-commodity-small-zone-zns-ssds>Z-LFS: A Zoned Namespace-tailored Log-structured File System for Commodity Small-zone ZNS SSDs<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#z-lfs-a-zoned-namespace-tailored-log-structured-file-system-for-commodity-small-zone-zns-ssds>#</a></h3><p><em>Inhwi Hwang, Sangjin Lee 0003, Sunggon Kim, Hyeonsang Eom <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — Z-LFS is an LFS designed around the tight zone-size constraints of commodity ZNS SSDs, using fine-grained segment management and zone-aware garbage collection to avoid the capacity and write-amplification pitfalls of existing approaches.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — ZNS SSDs offer significant cost and endurance advantages but mainstream file systems waste capacity on small-zone devices; Z-LFS shows that rethinking LFS segment layout specifically for small zones yields competitive throughput with substantially lower write amplification.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/hwang>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=crash-consistency-in-block-level-caching-systems-an-open-cas-case-study>Crash Consistency in Block-Level Caching Systems: An Open CAS Case Study<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#crash-consistency-in-block-level-caching-systems-an-open-cas-case-study>#</a></h3><p><em>Shaohua Duan, Youmin Chen</em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — A systematic study of crash-consistency bugs in the widely deployed Open CAS block-layer cache, revealing a class of ordering violations that can silently corrupt data on unexpected power loss.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Block-level caches are invisible to file systems and often assumed to be transparent, making these bugs particularly insidious; the paper’s taxonomy and detection methodology are directly actionable for operators running NVMe caching in production storage stacks.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/duan-shaohua>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=hotrap-hot-record-retention-and-promotion-for-lsm-trees-with-tiered-storage>HotRAP: Hot Record Retention and Promotion for LSM-trees with Tiered Storage<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#hotrap-hot-record-retention-and-promotion-for-lsm-trees-with-tiered-storage>#</a></h3><p><em>Jiansheng Qiu, Fangzhou Yuan, Mingyu Gao 0001, Huanchen Zhang</em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — HotRAP adds a retention-and-promotion layer to LSM-tree compaction that keeps frequently accessed records in faster storage tiers by tracking access heat across compaction boundaries.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Tiered storage deployments with LSM engines (RocksDB, LevelDB) routinely see hot data demoted to slow tiers during compaction; HotRAP’s lightweight heat tracking improves read latency by up to 5x on skewed workloads without changing the external LSM API.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/qiu>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=tgw-operating-an-efficient-and-resilient-cloud-gateway-at-scale>TGW: Operating an Efficient and Resilient Cloud Gateway at Scale<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#tgw-operating-an-efficient-and-resilient-cloud-gateway-at-scale>#</a></h3><p><em>Yifan Yang 0009, Lin He 0004, Jiasheng Zhou, Xiaoyi Shi <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — TGW describes the architecture, traffic engineering, and operational lessons of a production cloud gateway handling hundreds of Tbps at a major cloud provider.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Production-scale gateway papers with real traffic data are rare; TGW’s account of how to sustain sub-millisecond failover and linear-scale throughput under adversarial traffic patterns provides a concrete reference design for anyone building or operating large-scale edge infrastructure.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/yang-yifan>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=swcc-software-programmable-and-per-packet-congestion-control-in-rdma-engine>SwCC: Software-Programmable and Per-Packet Congestion Control in RDMA Engine<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#swcc-software-programmable-and-per-packet-congestion-control-in-rdma-engine>#</a></h3><p><em>Hongjing Huang, Jie Zhang 0081, Xuzheng Chen, Ziyu Song <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — SwCC embeds a programmable per-packet congestion-control engine directly inside an RDMA NIC, allowing operators to deploy and hot-swap CC algorithms without CPU involvement or ASIC redesign.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — RDMA congestion control has historically been frozen in NIC firmware, forcing cluster-wide firmware upgrades to try new algorithms; SwCC’s programmable datapath brings the velocity of software-defined networking to the RDMA layer at near-line-rate performance.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/huang-hongjing>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=opening-up-kernel-bypass-tcp-stacks>Opening Up Kernel-Bypass TCP Stacks<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#opening-up-kernel-bypass-tcp-stacks>#</a></h3><p><em>Shinichi Awamoto, Michio Honda</em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — A framework that exposes kernel-bypass TCP (DPDK-based) stacks to unmodified POSIX applications by transparently interposing at the syscall level, without requiring application changes or root privileges.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Kernel-bypass networking has been limited to purpose-built applications; this work’s zero-modification deployment model makes microsecond-latency TCP accessible to the broad ecosystem of existing networked software, which has significant practical implications for latency-sensitive cloud services.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/awamoto>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=accelerating-nested-virtualization-with-hyperturtle>Accelerating Nested Virtualization with HyperTurtle<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#accelerating-nested-virtualization-with-hyperturtle>#</a></h3><p><em>Ori Ben Zur, Jakob Krebs, Shai Aviram Bergman, Mark Silberstein</em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — HyperTurtle reduces the performance penalty of nested virtualization by selectively forwarding L2 guest hypercalls directly to the L0 hypervisor, bypassing the L1 intermediary for common fast paths.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Nested virtualization is increasingly important for confidential computing and cloud-in-cloud deployments, but the overhead is often prohibitive; HyperTurtle’s selective bypass approach cuts nested VM overhead by up to 60% on I/O-intensive workloads with no guest modifications.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/zur>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=kvcache-cache-in-the-wild-characterizing-and-optimizing-kvcache-cache-at-a-large-cloud-provider>KVCache Cache in the Wild: Characterizing and Optimizing KVCache Cache at a Large Cloud Provider<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#kvcache-cache-in-the-wild-characterizing-and-optimizing-kvcache-cache-at-a-large-cloud-provider>#</a></h3><p><em>Jiahao Wang, Jinbo Han, Xingda Wei, Sijie Shen <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — A production measurement study of LLM KV-cache behavior across a large cloud fleet, revealing access patterns and reuse characteristics that inform a redesigned caching policy reducing GPU memory pressure significantly.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — As LLM serving becomes a dominant cloud workload, KV-cache management is a critical bottleneck; this paper provides the first at-scale empirical characterization of KV-cache reuse in a real deployment, and its findings directly shaped policy changes that improved cache hit rates by over 30%.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/wang-jiahao>→ Read paper</a></p><hr><h3 id=greyhound-hunting-fail-slows-in-hybrid-parallel-training-at-scale>GREYHOUND: Hunting Fail-Slows in Hybrid-Parallel Training at Scale<a hidden class=anchor aria-hidden=true href=#greyhound-hunting-fail-slows-in-hybrid-parallel-training-at-scale>#</a></h3><p><em>Tianyuan Wu, Wei Wang 0030, Yinghao Yu, Siran Yang <em>et al.</em></em></p><p><strong>TL;DR</strong> — GREYHOUND is a runtime monitoring system that automatically detects and isolates fail-slow stragglers in large-scale hybrid-parallel LLM training jobs before they degrade the entire training run.</p><p><strong>Why notable</strong> — Fail-slow faults are notoriously harder to detect than fail-stop failures and can silently extend training jobs by hours; GREYHOUND’s production deployment demonstrates that fine-grained per-layer timing signals can catch slow nodes within seconds, making it a practical reliability tool for anyone running large training clusters.</p><p><a href=https://www.usenix.org/conference/atc25/presentation/wu-tianyuan>→ Read paper</a></p></div><footer class=post-footer><ul class=post-tags><li><a href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/tags/operating-systems/>Operating-Systems</a></li><li><a href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/tags/cloud/>Cloud</a></li><li><a href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/tags/storage/>Storage</a></li><li><a href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/tags/networking/>Networking</a></li></ul><nav class=paginav><a class=prev href=https://pub.sqrt.fr/vincent/publish-assistant/cloud-edge/digests/hpdc-2025/><span class=title>« Prev</span>
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